Products related to Evolution:
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Smartphones, Current Events and Mobile Information Behavior : Consuming, Reacting, Sharing, and Connecting through News
Smartphones and Information on Current Events provides unprecedented insights into young people’s news consumption patterns and the ecology of mobile news.Advancing our knowledge of mobile behaviour, the book also highlights the ways in which mobile news impacts the lives of the general public.Using a multi-faceted research model on mobile news consumption behaviour, Oh and Tang examined a wide spectrum of mobile news consumption activities, outlined the key characteristics of mobile news, as well as captured users’ near real-time evaluation of and emotional reactions to news stories.The book also shows that the process of using smartphones to receive, read, find, share, and store news stories has resulted in new behavioural patterns that enable people to consume news in a multifaceted way.Analyzing the extent and various methods of mobile news sharing can, Oh and Tang argue, help us understand how such exchanges reshape contemporary society.Demonstrating that mobile news consumption is now an integral part of people’s daily lives, the book clearly shows that its impact on people’s day-to-day activities, and their political and social lives, cannot be underestimated.Smartphones and Information on Current Events will be useful to scholars, students, and practitioners who are studying library and information science, journalism and media, digital communication, user behaviour, information technology, human-computer interaction, marketing, political science, psychology, and sociology.
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Information Theory And Evolution (2nd Edition)
Information Theory and Evolution discusses the phenomenon of life, including its origin and evolution (and also human cultural evolution), against the background of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and information theory.Among the central themes is the seeming contradiction between the second law of thermodynamics and the high degree of order and complexity produced by living systems.This paradox has its resolution in the information content of the Gibbs free energy that enters the biosphere from outside sources, as the author will show.The role of information in human cultural evolution is another focus of the book.The first edition of Information Theory and Evolution made a strong impact on thought in the field by bringing together results from many disciplines.The new second edition offers updated results based on reports of important new research in several areas, including exciting new studies of the human mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal DNA.Another extensive discussion featured in the second edition is contained in a new appendix devoted to the relationship of entropy and Gibbs free energy to economics.This appendix includes a review of the ideas of Alfred Lotka, Frederick Soddy, Nicholas Georgiescu-Roegen and Herman E.Daly, and discusses the relevance of these ideas to the current economic crisis.The new edition discusses current research on the origin of life, the distinction between thermodynamic information and cybernetic information, new DNA research and human prehistory, developments in current information technology, and the relationship between entropy and economics.
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The Evolution of Biological Information : How Evolution Creates Complexity, from Viruses to Brains
Why information is the unifying principle that allows us to understand the evolution of complexity in natureMore than 150 years after Darwin’s revolutionary On the Origin of Species, we are still attempting to understand and explain the amazing complexity of life.Although we now know how evolution proceeds to build complexity from simple ingredients, quantifying this complexity is still a difficult undertaking.In this book, Christoph Adami offers a new perspective on Darwinian evolution by viewing it through the lens of information theory.This novel theoretical stance sheds light on such matters as how viruses evolve drug resistance, how cells evolve to communicate, and how intelligence evolves.By this account, information emerges as the central unifying principle behind all of biology, allowing us to think about the origin of life—on Earth and elsewhere—in a systematic manner. Adami, a leader in the field of computational biology, first provides an accessible introduction to the information theory of biomolecules and then shows how to apply these tools to measure information stored in genetic sequences and proteins.After outlining the experimental evidence of the evolution of information in both bacteria and digital organisms, he describes the evolution of robustness in viruses; the cooperation among cells, animals, and people; and the evolution of brains and intelligence.Building on extensive prior work in bacterial and digital evolution, Adami establishes that (expanding on Dobzhansky’s famous remark) nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of information.Understanding that information is the foundation of all life, he argues, allows us to see beyond the particulars of our way of life to glimpse what life might be like in other worlds.
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Broadcast Journalism : Techniques of Radio and Television News
Now in its 8th edition, Broadcast Journalism continues to be an essential text on the production of news broadcasting and the practical skills needed. It includes not only basic techniques and classic examples for the production of radio and TV news, but also new technology and the latest case studies.The fundamental skills of interviewing, news writing and production now have to cope with the prevalence of Fake News and Deep Fakes and verifying content in an endless flow of social media.This edition also includes newsgathering with mobile devices, live reporting and using data and graphics.There are dozens of new images and links for downloads and further reading, plus end-of-chapter exercises and tutor notes. This continues to be an indispensable textbook for broadcast journalism and communications students looking for an in-depth guide to the industry.
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What is cosmic evolution, chemical evolution, biological evolution, and cultural evolution?
Cosmic evolution refers to the development and changes in the universe over time, including the formation of galaxies, stars, and planets. Chemical evolution is the process by which elements and compounds have changed and evolved over time, leading to the formation of complex molecules and the conditions necessary for life. Biological evolution is the process by which living organisms have changed and diversified over time through genetic variation, natural selection, and other mechanisms. Cultural evolution refers to the development and changes in human societies, including the growth of technology, language, art, and social structures.
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Are TV and radio stations obligated to broadcast news?
TV and radio stations are not legally obligated to broadcast news, but many choose to do so as part of their commitment to serving the public interest. In some countries, there may be regulations or licensing requirements that mandate a certain amount of news programming, but this varies by jurisdiction. Ultimately, the decision to include news in their programming is up to the individual stations and their management.
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What triggers evolution?
Evolution is triggered by a combination of factors, including genetic mutations, natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. Genetic mutations create new variations in a population, which can then be acted upon by natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. Genetic drift and gene flow also play a role in shaping the genetic makeup of a population over time. These factors collectively drive the process of evolution by leading to changes in the frequency of genetic traits within a population.
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Is evolution stingy?
Evolution is not inherently stingy, but rather it is driven by the process of natural selection, which favors traits that increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction. This can sometimes result in the appearance of stinginess, as resources are allocated to the most advantageous traits. However, evolution also promotes cooperation and mutualism in many species, leading to the development of symbiotic relationships and social behaviors that benefit the group as a whole. Overall, evolution is a complex process that can result in both competitive and cooperative behaviors, depending on the specific ecological and environmental pressures at play.
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The Ontogeny of Information : Developmental Systems and Evolution
The Ontogeny of Information is a critical intervention into the ongoing and perpetually troubling nature-nurture debates surrounding human development. Originally published in 1985, this was a foundational text in what is now the substantial field of developmental systems theory.In this revised edition Susan Oyama argues compellingly that nature and nurture are not alternative influences on human development but, rather, developmental products and the developmental processes that produce them. Information, says Oyama, is thought to reside in molecules, cells, tissues, and the environment.When something wondrous occurs in the world, we tend to question whether the information guiding the transformation was pre-encoded in the organism or installed through experience or instruction.Oyama looks beyond this either-or question to focus on the history of such developments.She shows that what developmental “information” does depends on what is already in place and what alternatives are available.She terms this process “constructive interactionism,” whereby each combination of genes and environmental influences simultaneously interacts to produce a unique result.Ontogeny, then, is the result of dynamic and complex interactions in multileveled developmental systems. The Ontogeny of Information challenges specialists in the fields of developmental biology, philosophy of biology, psychology, and sociology, and even nonspecialists, to reexamine the existing nature-nurture dichotomy as it relates to the history and formation of organisms.
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Living Computers : Replicators, Information Processing, and the Evolution of Life
This accessible and entertaining book explores the fundamental connections between life and information and how they emerged inextricably linked, taking the reader on a journey through all the major evolutionary transitions.It records the entire path of how life's information has evolved, starting from the growing polymers of prelife leading to the first replicators, through RNA and DNA to neural networks and animal brains, continuing through the major transition of human language and writing, into computer clouds, and finally heading towards an unknown future. All currently known life is based on three classes of molecules: proteins - life's main structural and functional building blocks; DNA - life's information molecule; and RNA - a molecule that provides the link between these two.Despite the existence of language and the new means of information recording and processing it enabled, at the current stage of life's evolution, the information stored in the natural repository of our planet's DNA archive remains indispensable.If the DNA on Earth were to become seriously corrupted, all cultural information and life itself would soon disappear.However, does future life have to be reliant on these molecules or could a living organism be made of e.g. steel, rubber, copper, and silicon? What was life like when it first emerged on Earth billions of years ago?What will life be like millions or billions of years from now, if it still exists?Could future civilisations, including the possible heirs of the present one, persist without proteins, DNA, and RNA?The author arms the reader with the knowledge required to speculate about such questions in an informed and reasoned way. Living Computers is aimed at students and scholars in a wide range of disciplines, from physics, computing, and biology to social sciences and philosophy.The fascinating idea of life as a computational phenomenon will also appeal to a more general readership interested in our origins and future existence.
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Evolution
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The Evolution of Biological Information : How Evolution Creates Complexity, from Viruses to Brains
Why information is the unifying principle that allows us to understand the evolution of complexity in natureMore than 150 years after Darwin’s revolutionary On the Origin of Species, we are still attempting to understand and explain the amazing complexity of life.Although we now know how evolution proceeds to build complexity from simple ingredients, quantifying this complexity is still a difficult undertaking.In this book, Christoph Adami offers a new perspective on Darwinian evolution by viewing it through the lens of information theory.This novel theoretical stance sheds light on such matters as how viruses evolve drug resistance, how cells evolve to communicate, and how intelligence evolves.By this account, information emerges as the central unifying principle behind all of biology, allowing us to think about the origin of life—on Earth and elsewhere—in a systematic manner. Adami, a leader in the field of computational biology, first provides an accessible introduction to the information theory of biomolecules and then shows how to apply these tools to measure information stored in genetic sequences and proteins.After outlining the experimental evidence of the evolution of information in both bacteria and digital organisms, he describes the evolution of robustness in viruses; the cooperation among cells, animals, and people; and the evolution of brains and intelligence.Building on extensive prior work in bacterial and digital evolution, Adami establishes that (expanding on Dobzhansky’s famous remark) nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of information.Understanding that information is the foundation of all life, he argues, allows us to see beyond the particulars of our way of life to glimpse what life might be like in other worlds.
Price: 125.00 £ | Shipping*: 0.00 £
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What about evolution?
Evolution is the process by which species of organisms change over time through the process of natural selection, genetic drift, and other mechanisms. It is a fundamental concept in biology and has been supported by a large body of evidence from fields such as genetics, paleontology, and comparative anatomy. Evolution explains the diversity of life on Earth and how species have adapted to their environments over millions of years. It is a well-established scientific theory that has withstood rigorous testing and continues to be a central principle in the study of biology.
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Can evolution stop?
Evolution is a continuous process driven by genetic variation, natural selection, and environmental changes. While it is theoretically possible for evolution to slow down or even temporarily stop in a stable environment with little genetic variation, it is unlikely to completely halt. As long as there are factors such as mutations, genetic recombination, and environmental pressures, evolution will continue to shape and change species over time. Therefore, while it may slow down under certain conditions, it is unlikely for evolution to completely stop.
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Will evolution change?
Evolution is a continuous process driven by genetic variation, natural selection, and environmental changes. As long as these factors continue to operate, evolution will continue to occur. However, the specific direction and pace of evolution may change in response to new environmental pressures, genetic mutations, and other factors. Therefore, while the fundamental process of evolution is unlikely to change, the specific outcomes and patterns of evolution may vary over time.
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What is the difference between synthetic evolution and natural evolution?
Synthetic evolution involves the intentional manipulation of genetic material by humans in a controlled environment, such as in a laboratory setting, to produce desired traits or outcomes. In contrast, natural evolution occurs in nature through the process of natural selection, where organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to changes in the genetic makeup of a population over time. While synthetic evolution is directed and guided by human intervention, natural evolution is driven by environmental pressures and random genetic mutations.
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